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To explore the mechanism of the active ingredients of Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills in inhibiting the hepatorenal toxicity of the zogta component based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology, thereby providing references for the clinical safety application of Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills. The small molecular compounds in the serum containing Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills of mice were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). Then, by comprehensively using Traditional Chinese Medicines Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP), High-throughput Experiment-and Reference-guided Database(HERB), PubChem, GeneCards, SuperPred, and other databases, the active compounds in the serum containing Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills were retrieved and their action targets were predicted. The predicted targets were compared with the targets of liver and kidney injury related to mercury toxicity retrieved from the database, and the action targets of Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills to inhibit the potential mercury toxicity of zogta were screened out. Cytoscape was used to construct the active ingredient in Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills-containing serum-action target network, and STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of intersection targets. The Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analyses were carried out on the target genes by the DAVID database. The active ingredient-target-pathway network was constructed, and the key ingredients and targets were screened out for molecular docking verification. The results showed that 44 active compounds were identified from the serum containing Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills, including 13 possible prototype drug ingredients, and 70 potential targets for mercury toxicity in liver and kidney were identified. Through PPI network topology analysis, 12 key target genes(HSP90AA1, MAPK3, STAT3, EGFR, MAPK1, APP, MMP9, NOS3, PRKCA, TLR4, PTGS2, and PARP1) and 6 subnetworks were obtained. Through GO and KEGG analysis of 4 subnetworks containing key target genes, the interaction network diagram of active ingredient-action target-key pathway was constructed and verified by molecular docking. It was found that taurodeoxycholic acid, N-acetyl-L-leucine, D-pantothenic acid hemicalcium, and other active ingredients may regulate biological functions and pathways related to metabolism, immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress by acting on major targets such as MAPK1, STAT3, and TLR4, so as to inhibit the potential mercury toxicity of zogta in Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills. In conclusion, the active ingredients of Qishiwei Zhenzhu Pills may have a certain detoxification effect, thus inhibiting the potential mercury toxicity of zogta and playing a role of reducing toxicity and enhancing effect.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Medicine, Tibetan Traditional , Network Pharmacology , Molecular Docking Simulation , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Toll-Like Receptor 4 , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Mercury , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicityABSTRACT
The main function of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is to maintain stability of the knee joint and prevent anterior displacement of the tibial plateau. ACL injury accounts for more than 50% of the knee joint injuries. If not timely handled, it will increase the risk of secondary injuries to structures such as the meniscus and cartilage, causing chronic pain and degeneration of the knee joint. Although most ACL injuries can be determined by their direct signs on MRI, the identification of complex situations and partial tears of ACL are still not satisfactory, which subsequently affects treatment strategies. After ACL injury, changes in anatomical relationship of the knee joint can also lead to morphological changes in other structures such as the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) on MRI, and these indirect signs can assist in the diagnosis of ACL injury. The authors reviewed the application of MRI-related indicators of PCL in diagnosing ACL injury, hoping to provide references and new ideas for clinical decision-making.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using single half tunnel, double half curved tunnel and suture anchor fixation in the treatment of patellar dislocation.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 58 patients with patellar dislocation treated in Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from June 2018 to February 2021, including 22 males and 36 females, aged 12-34 years [(19.6±5.5)years]. MPFL reconstruction was performed arthroscopically using single half tunnel fixation in 20 patients (single half tunnel group), double half curved tunnel fixation in 18 (double half curved tunnel group) and suture anchor fixation in 20 (suture anchor group). The Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Tegner activity score were compared among groups before operation, at 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up. The knee range of motion was compared among the three groups at 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up. The postoperative complications of the three groups were observed at the last follow-up.Results:All patients were followed up for 9-39 months [(26.5±9.1)months]. In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the Lysholm score was (78.4±12.0)points, (88.7±7.5)points and (81.1±9.8)points at 3 months after operation, and (80.4±14.2)points, (90.9±9.0)points and (83.3±9.1)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative Lysholm score in all groups was significantly increased from that preoperatively (all P<0.01). The Lysholm score in double half curved tunnel group was significantly higher than that in other two groups at 3 months after operation and at last follow-up (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between other groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the IKDC score was (76.7±12.2)points, (78.4±8.9)points and (81.0±8.1)points at 3 months after operation, and (77.6±15.8)points, (83.2±7.8)points and (82.4±12.4)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative IKDC score in all groups was significantly increased from that preoperatively (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference among the three groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the Tegner score was (4.0±1.2)points, (5.4±1.7)points and (5.3±1.7)points at 3 months after operation, and (4.1±1.4)points, (5.8±1.8)points and (5.3±2.2)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative Tegner score in all groups was significantly improved from that preoperatively (all P<0.01). The Tegner score in single half tunnel group was significantly lower than that in other two groups at 3 months after operation and at last follow-up (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between other groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the knee range of motion was (122.3±6.4)°, (121.7±7.1)° and (123.3±5.7)° at the last follow-up, which were significantly increased from (117.3±8.0)°, (115.3±7.9)° and (116.8±8.3)° at 3 months after operation (all P<0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups (all P>0.05). The postoperative complication rate was 10.0% (2/20) in single half tunnel group, 5.6% (1/18) in double half curved tunnel group, and 25.0% (5/20) in suture anchor group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:For patellar dislocation, MPFL reconstruction using single half tunnel, double half curve tunnel and suture anchor fixation have achieved satisfactory improvement of knee range of motion, but knee functional recovery is much better after double half curved tunnel fixation.
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Kashin-Beck disease is an endemic, chronic and multiple osteoarthropathy, which can involve multiple joints of the whole body, and the disability rate is very high. At present, there are few relevant studies on ankle lesions of adult Kashin-Beck disease, and there are few systematic reports. This paper reviews the clinical manifestations, imaging research, biochemical research and treatment of Kashin-Beck disease ankle arthritis, so as to provide a more systematic basis for the study of Kashin-Beck disease ankle arthritis.
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OBJECTIVE@#To examine the bone proportional measurement standard on the chest and abdomen of modern women.@*METHODS@#The height, weight and distances of bone proportional measurement chest and abdomen of 101 young females were measured. The height was divided by 75 to calculate the data of bone proportional measurement, and compared with the national standard published in 2006 and the ancient literature of Miraculous Pivot: Gudu.@*RESULTS@#The bone proportional distances between two nipples and two coracoid processes of women were 8 cun and 12 cun respectively, which were in line with the 2006 national standard. The bone proportional distance from navel to superior margin of pubic symphysis (Qugu) was 6.5 cun, which was consistent with the ancient literature of Miraculous Pivot: Gudu. The bone proportional distance from suprasternal fossa to the middle point of xiphisternal synchondrosis (Qigu) was less than 9 cun, while the bone proportional distance from Qigu to navel was more than 8 cun, resulting in the ratio less than 9︰8. The bone proportional distance from suprasternal fossa to the middle point of xiphoid process was 9 cun, corresponding to the ratio of 9︰8 when comparing with the measurement from the middle point of xiphoid process to navel.@*CONCLUSION@#The bone proportional distance measurement between two nipples and two coracoid processes of women should follow the 2006 national standard, and the bone proportional distance measurement from navel to superior margin of pubic symphysis should follow the standard of Miraculous Pivot: Gudu. The middle point of xiphisternal synchondrosis should be replaced by the middle point of xiphoid process.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Abdomen , Abdominal Cavity , Acupuncture Points , Bone and Bones , UmbilicusABSTRACT
@#Abstract: Objective To analyze the detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 in household environment and public place environment of Huangpu District, and describe the feature of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination in the environment exposure to the infected cases, so as to support the control strategies such as disinfection and health communication. Methods The results of RT-PCR test for the environmental samples exposure to the cases infected by SARS‑CoV‑2 during February 1 to March 31 2022 in Huangpu District of Shanghai were collected as the research data. Pearson χ2 was used to test the significance of the differences between positive rates of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination. Results From February 1 to March 31, household environment samples had a higher positive rate (6.47%, 234/3 618) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the public place samples had a lower one (1.22%, 47/3 582) in Huangpu District of Shanghai (χ2=141.908, P<0.01). Among the household buildings, the lane houses of old style representing poorer living condition had the highest positive rates (8.31%, 96/1 155) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the apartments representing better living condition had the lowest (3.59%, 22/612) (F=5.25，P<0.05). Among the samples from household environment, samples regarding sewerage had the highest positive rates (13.30%,58/436) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (3.10%,17/548) (F=9.84，P<0.01). Among the samples from public place environment, samples regarding entertainment tools had the highest positive rates (13.33%, 2/15) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (0.62%, 4/646) (F=4.22，P<0.01). Conclusion In the environment exposure to the SARS‑CoV‑2 infected cases, the disinfection, ventilation and cleaning should be intensified strictly. SARS‑CoV‑2's surviving in sewage environment should be evaluation dynamically. More health communication should be pushed to people of poorer living condition.
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The progress of Chinese clinical research on acupuncture and moxibustion in recent 10 years was reviewed and analyzed, and corresponding suggestions were put forward for the current problems. In the past 10 years, Chinese clinical research on acupuncture and moxibustion has made considerable progress, mainly in the following areas: a series of internationally recognized clinical research evidences have been published, a preliminary acupuncture clinical evaluation system has formed, sham/placebo acupuncture control is widely used internationally, acupuncture clinical research norms and standards have been initially established. However, the following issues still need to be paid attention to in follow-up research: focus on the overall layout and refinement of clinical research, further improvement of clinical evaluation system, developing relevant norms for sham/placebo acupuncture setting and reporting, strengthening data sharing and platform integration, building a smooth basic and two-way transformation clinical pathway, etc.
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Acupuncture , Acupuncture Therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Moxibustion , PublicationsABSTRACT
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a kind of endemic osteoarthropathy which etiology and pathological mechanism are not completely clear, and its disability rate is very high. The differences in the patients' conditions and severity of KBD lead to different treatment methods. The common treatment methods include non drug treatment, drug treatment and surgical treatment, and their essence is to reduce the clinical symptoms of patients and improve the quality of life. In order to provide scientific guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment, this paper reviews the literature and systematically analyzes the treatment of KBD.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of multidisciplinary and comprehensive Chinese medicine (CM) treatments on progression-free survival (PFS) and median survival time (MST) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify factors that influence progression and prognosis.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 855 patients with advanced NSCLC who received multidisciplinary and comprehensive CM treatments at Longhua Hospital from January 2009 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank sequential inspection. Multivariate analysis of significant variables from the univariate analysis was performed with Cox regression modeling. Key factors correlated to progression and prognosis were screened out, and a Cox proportional hazard model was established to calculate the prognostic index.@*RESULTS@#The PFS and MST of 855 advanced NSCLC patients were 9.0 and 26.0 months, respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 79.2%, 54%, 36.2%, and 17.1%, respectively. Gender, pathologic type, and clinical stage were independent prognostic risk factors; surgical history, radiotherapy, treatment course of Chinese patent medicine, intravenous drip of Chinese herbal preparation, duration of oral administration of Chinese herbal decoction (CHD), and intervention measures were independent prognostic protective factors. Gender was an independent risk factor for progression, while operation history and oral CHD administration duration were independent protective factors (all P<0.05). Women with stage IIIb-IIIc lung adenocarcinoma had the best outcomes.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Female patients have lower progression risk and better prognoses than male patients, younger patients have higher progression risk but better long-term prognoses than the elderlys, and patients with lower performance status scores are at lower risk for progression and have better prognoses. Comprehensive CM treatments could significantly reduce progression risk, improve prognosis, and prolong survival time for patients with advanced NSCLC. This treatment mode offers additional advantages over supportive care alone.
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Objective:To investigate the characteristics and significance of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF- 1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) expressions in ankle cartilage of patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD).Methods:In this case-control study, 10 KBD patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Orthopedics of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were selected as KBD group, and 10 patients with ankle fracture caused by trauma but without talus injury during the same period were selected as control group, the cartilage tissues of the two groups were collected. IGF-1, IGFBP2 positive cells, the mRNA and protein expressions of IGF-1, IGFBP2 in the cartilage tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. According to the expressions of IGF-1 and IGFBP2 in ankle cartilage of KBD patients, a patient with amputation caused by trauma was selected in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, and ankle joint cartilage was taken to prepare chondrocytes for in vitro cell verification experiments. The chondrocyte were divided into control group (0 ng/ml T-2 toxin), T-2 treatment group (20 ng/ml T-2 toxin) and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group (20 ng/ml T-2 toxin+ 50 nmol/L IGFBP2 siRNA), the MTT method and dimethyl methylene blue staining were used to detect the activity of chondrocyte and the secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG). Results:In the control group and the KBD group, the number of IGF-1[(47.26 ± 8.97), (68.15 ± 7.42) cells] and IGFBP2 positive cells [(27.56 ± 5.40), (71.85 ± 7.62) cells] in the cartilage tissues were significantly different ( t = 4.487, 9.402, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the IGF-1, IGFBP2 mRNA and protein expression levels in KBD group were significantly higher, the differences were significantly different ( t = 3.340, 20.700, 4.684, 8.699, P < 0.05 or < 0.01). In cell experiment, the chondrocyte activitives and sGAG contents of the control group, T-2 treatment group, and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were significantly different ( F = 226.70, 80.66, P < 0.01); among them, the cell activitives and sGAG contents of the T-2 treatment group and T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were lower than those of control group ( P < 0.05), and the T-2+ IGFBP2 silenced group were higher than those of the T-2 treatment group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The expressions of IGF-1 and IGFBP2 in the ankle cartilage of KBD patients are significantly higher. Silencing IGFBP2 gene can reduce the inhibitory effect of T-2 toxin on chondrocyte activity and the secretion of sGAG.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and gene variation of asparagine synthase deficiency that is caused by ASNS gene variation. Methods:In Department of Neuroendocrine Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2018 to February 2020, the clinical data of a family of asparagine synthase deficiency were analyzed retrospectively.The pathogenic mutation of the proband was screened by the full exon analysis technique.The pathogenic sites of candidate genes were determined by combining the phenotype of the proband.In the heterotopic spot of the proband, his parents and other family members were verified by Sanger sequencing.Meanwhile, the relevant literature database was consulted, and the reported ASNS mutation related cases were collected and reviewed. Results:The female with proband visited the hospital at the age of 4 months, and she had recurrent convulsions at the age of about 3 months.Physical examination showed that the child suffered from microcephaly, and mental and motor retardation.Meanwhile, video electroencephalogram examination displayed extensive moderate high amplitude spiny slow wave and sharp slow wave.Exon sequencing illustrated that the compound heterozygous variants of ASNS gene were c. 1211G>A (p.R404H) and c. 1643C>T (p.S548F), respectively.c.1211G>A was a known pathogenic variant, and c. 1643C>T was a new variant.The proband′s younger brother visited the hospital at the age of 2 months, developed convulsions at the age of 1 month, and developed mental and motor retardation.Electroencephalogram displayed that bilateral posterior head was dominant, multiple foci and extensive spike wave, and spike slow wave and fast wave were distributed.Sanger sequencing revealed the same ASNS compound heterozygous variants as the proband.Both of them died of status convulsion at the age of 7 months and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions:This study is helpful to further understand the clinical features of the disease and reveal a new pathogenic mutation of ASNS gene, so as to enrich the mutation spectrum of ASNS gene, thus providing important basis for clinical treatment and genetic counseling.
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Objective To fully understand the actual situation and existing problems in vaccination outpatient services, which will provide information to support and improve the standardized construction of vaccination outpatient service and the whole-process vaccination management. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted among all the vaccination outpatient services in Huangpu District of Shanghai.Data were collected by self-examination and health supervision.Analysis was focused on the conformance with the six aspects of management requirements, which included institution and personnel management, layout of facilities, vaccine and cold-chain management, vaccination management, disinfection and isolation management and medical waste management. Results Twenty-one vaccination clinics were included in the study.There were significant differences for conformance between self-examination and health supervision, public and private medical institutions (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the overall compliance rate among six aspects of management requirement (P > 0.05), indicating that they were relatively balanced.On analysis within the 6 aspects, there were significant differences in the indicator compliance rate for 4 aspects of management requirement, including institution and personnel management, layout of facilities, vaccine and cold-chain management, disinfection and isolation management (P < 0.05). Conclusion The standardized construction of vaccination outpatient service should be strengthened with the emphasis on the following: implementation and consolidation of management requirements, enhancement of responsibility consciousness in vaccination outpatient service, construction of special-need vaccination outpatient service in private medical institutions, and improvement of publicity and guidance education.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a child with mental and motor retardation, language impairment, facial dysmorphism and epilepsy.@*METHODS@#Whole exome sequencing was carried out to detect pathogenic variant in the proband, and candidate variant was selected based on his phenotype. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variant in the proband, his parents and other family members.@*RESULTS@#The proband was found to carry a frameshifting mutation of MBD5 gene, namely c.2217delT (p.F739Lfs*6), which was inherited from his mother and unreported previously. Sanger sequencing confirmed that his brother carried the same mutation with a similar phenotype. His mother also had poor language expression when she was young, in addition with poor academic performance, though she could do some housework and had no history of convulsion.@*CONCLUSION@#A novel pathogenic variant of the MBD5 gene was discovered, which has enriched the mutational spectrum of the MBD5 gene. Above discovery has enabled genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for the family.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Mutation , Pedigree , Phenotype , Exome SequencingABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen （ZSS） and Albiziae Flos （AF） on behavior and endoplasmic reticulum stress endoplasmic reticulum stress protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK）/activated transcription factor 4 （ATF4）/CCAAT enhancer binding protein （CHOP） pathway in depression model rats， and to explore its antidepressant mechanism. Method:The male SD rats were divided into normal group， model group， ZSS-AF high dose， middle dose and low dose groups （16， 8， 4 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>） and Venlafaxine group （0.008 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>）， <italic>n</italic>=15 in each group. Except the normal group， the depression model was established in the rats of other 5 groups by the method of chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） combined with isolated feeding. The normal group and model group were given with distilled water by gavage when modeling， while other groups received corresponding drug by intragastric administration for 21 days. Behavior changes of rats in each group were observed by the open field test and sugar water consumption test on 1<sup>th </sup>and 21<sup>th</sup>day of the experiment. The protein expressions of PERK， CHOP， B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein （Bax） and cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases-3（Caspase-3） were detected by Western blot（WB）， the ultrastructural changes of the hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscope， the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was observed by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL） method. Result:Compared with the normal group， the scores of open field test and sugar water consumption rate in model group rats decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the scores of open field test and water consumption rate increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01） in ZSS-AF groups and Venlafaxine group. Transmission electron microscope showed that the changes of neuronal damage in hippocampal were revealed in the model group， whereas those neuronal damages were relieved in ZSS-AF groups and Venlafaxine group. TUNEL method showed that the number of apoptotic neurons in hippocampal increased in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， but decreased in ZSS-AFgroups and Venlafaxine group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. WB results showed that as compared with the normal group， protein expressions of PERK， CHOP， Bax and Caspase-3 were up-regulated significantly in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， whereas those were down-regulated in ZSS-AF groups and Venlafaxine group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:The antidepressant effect of ZSS-AF herbal pair may be correlated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK/ATF4/-CHOP pathway.
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Objective:To detect the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-1 in serum and synovial fluid of patients with Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) and osteoarthritis (OA) and analyze the relationship between IL-1β, IGF-1 levels and visual analogue scale (VAS) score.Methods:From January 2010 to December 2016, 60 patients visited the department of orthopedics of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were selected, included 20 patients with KBD (arthroscopic debridement of ankle), 20 patients with OA (arthroscopic debridement of ankle), and 20 patients with ankle fracture (no talus injury) as control group. The peripheral blood and synovial fluid samples from the patients were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IGF-1 in serum and synovial fluid. In each group, VAS score was calculated pre-operative and post-operative at 3, 7, 14 and 28 d. The relationship between IL-1β, IGF-1 levels and VAS score was evaluated by correlation analysis.Results:Synovial fluid IL-1β and IGF-1 levels in the KBD and OA groups were (67.32 ± 6.22), (56.46 ± 5.43) and (24.36 ± 6.22), (21.45 ± 4.35) pg/ml, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group [(27.01 ± 3.15), (10.21 ± 2.50) pg/ml, P < 0.05]. Meanwhile, serum IL-1β and IGF-1 levels in the KBD and OA groups were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of IL-1β and IGF-1 in serum pre-operative and post-operative at 3, 7, 14 and 28 d were positively correlated with VAS score in KBD and OA groups, respectively ( r = 0.427, 0.502, 0.562, 0.628, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The levels of IL-1β and IGF-1 in synovial fluid from ankle joints and serum are significantly increased in KBD group and OA group, and the levels of IL-1β and IGF-1 in serum are positively correlated with VAS score, respectively.
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To establish high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints for crude and processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,and to evaluate their quality through the similarity calculation and chemical pattern recognition. The separation was performed with Syncronis C_(18) column(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile(A) and 0.1% phosphoric acid solution(B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution, and a detection wavelength of 280 nm. HPLC was used to detect 22 batches of crude and processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,and the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2012 Edition) was used to evaluate the similarity among 22 batches. The research on pattern recognition was conducted with cluster analysis(CA), principal component analysis(PCA), and partial least squares discriminate analysis(PLS-DA). HPLC fingerprints of crude and processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus were established, with similarity ranging from 0.9 to 1.0. The crude and processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus can be obviously distinguished by using CA, PCA and PLS-DA. According to the results of PLS-DA,11 constituents including hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, specnuezhenide and oleuropein were the main marker components leading to the difference. The established fingerprint method is stable and reliable, and can provide method basis for quality control of crude and processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. Chemical pattern recognition is proved to be helpful in comprehensive quality control and evaluation of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus before and after the process.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Fruit , Ligustrum , Medicine, Chinese TraditionalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Pulmonary fibrosis is a respiratory disease caused by the proliferation of fibroblasts and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is known that the lung ECM is mainly composed of a three-dimensional fiber mesh filled with various high-molecular-weight proteins. However, the small-molecular-weight proteins in the lung ECM and their differences between normal and fibrotic lung ECM are largely unknown.@*METHODS@#Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing about 150 to 200 g were randomly divided into three groups using random number table: A, B, and C and each group contained five rats. The rats in Group A were administered a single intragastric (i.g.) dose of 500 μL of saline as control, and those in Groups B and C were administered a single i.g. dose of paraquat (PQ) dissolved in 500 μL of saline (20 mg/kg). After 2 weeks, the lungs of rats in Group B were harvested for histological observation, preparation of de-cellularized lung scaffolds, and proteomic analysis for small-molecular-weight proteins, and similar procedures were performed on Group C and A after 4 weeks. The differentially expressed small-molecular-weight proteins (DESMPs) between different groups and the subcellular locations were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of the 1626 small-molecular-weight proteins identified, 1047 were quantifiable. There were 97 up-regulated and 45 down-regulated proteins in B vs. A, 274 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated proteins in C vs. A, and 237 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated proteins identified in C vs. B. Both the up-regulated and down-regulated proteins in the three comparisons were mainly distributed in single-organism processes and cellular processes within biological process, cell and organelle within cellular component, and binding within molecular function. Further, more up-regulated than down-regulated proteins were identified in most sub-cellular locations. The interactions of DESMPs identified in extracellular location in all comparisons showed that serum albumin (Alb) harbored the highest degree of node (25), followed by prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide (12), integrin β1 (10), apolipoprotein A1 (9), and fibrinogen gamma chain (9).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Numerous PQ-induced DESMPs were identified in de-cellularized lungs of rats by high throughput proteomics analysis. The DESMPs between the control and treatment groups showed diversity in molecular functions, biological processes, and pathways. In addition, the interactions of extracellular DESMPs suggested that the extracellular proteins Alb, Itgb1, Apoa1, P4hb, and Fgg in ECM could be potentially used as biomarker candidates for pulmonary fibrosis. These results provided useful information and new insights regarding pulmonary fibrosis.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Yihuo Qnggan Tuiyi Tang on herpes simplex keratitis with liver meridian and wind-heat，so as to explore its mechanism of action. Method:Totally 130 patients with herpes simplex keratitis with liver meridian and wind-heat were randomly divided into control group and observation group，with 65 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine，while the observation group was treated with modified Yihuo Qinggan Tuiyi Tang in addition to the therapy of the control group for 4 weeks. The clinical efficacy，traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome score，symptoms and signs，adverse reactions and recurrence rate of the two groups were compared. The levels of serum interferon gamma（IFN-γ），interleukin-6（IL-6），interleukin-8（IL-8） inflammatory factors，malondialdehyde (MDA)，antioxidant activity (TAC)，glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）of oxidative stress indexes were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The levels of CD4+ and CD8+ were measured by flow cytometry. The recurrence rate was observed during 1-year follow-up visit. Result:The total effective rate of observation group was better than that of control group (Z=2.161，P<0.05). After treatment，the scores of eye pain，shame，photophobia，tears，vision loss，redness and total eyelid swelling were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of TCM syndrome in the observation group was better than that of control group (Z=2.540，P<0.05). After treatment，the scores of pain，eyelid redness，conjunctival congestion，corneal punctate pannus，corneal pannus and corneal pannus depth of symptoms and signs in observation group were better than those of control group (P<0.05). The level of serum IFN-γ in observation group was higher than that of control group，and the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Levels of MDA in the observation group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The levels of CD4+and CD4+/CD8+ in observation group were higher than those of control group，and the levels of CD8+ were lower than that of control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rate in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group after withdrawal for 6 months and 12 months (P<0.05). Conclusion:In addition to the therapy of routine western medicine， modified Yihuo Qinggan Tuiyi Tang has a good clinical efficacy in treating herpes simplex keratitis with liver meridian and wind-heat，and can reduce the scores of TCM syndromes，alleviate symptoms and signs，and reduce the recurrence rate. Its mechanism may be related to reducing inflammation reaction，and improving oxidative stress index and immune function.
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Quality of medical records is key to hospital′s total quality management, while the establishment and improvement of real-time monitoring feedback system is of great significance to the improvement of the quality of medical records. The authors explored real-time quality control of electronic medical records through artificial intelligence data processing and machine learning. The quality control covers timeliness and completeness in writing the medical records, the consistency and logic of the content, the identification of typos and the quality control of the medical records etc. Its practice showed that the defect rate of medical records has decreased significantly and the quality control management efficiency has greatly improved.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#Ultrasound imaging is well known to play an important role in the detection of thyroid disease, but the management of thyroid ultrasound remains inconsistent. Both standardized diagnostic criteria and new ultrasound technologies are essential for improving the accuracy of thyroid ultrasound. This study reviewed the global guidelines of thyroid ultrasound and analyzed their common characteristics for basic clinical screening. Advances in the application of a combination of thyroid ultrasound and artificial intelligence (AI) were also presented.@*Data sources@#An extensive search of the PubMed database was undertaken, focusing on research published after 2001 with keywords including thyroid ultrasound, guideline, AI, segmentation, image classification, and deep learning.@*Study selection@#Several types of articles, including original studies and literature reviews, were identified and reviewed to summarize the importance of standardization and new technology in thyroid ultrasound diagnosis.@*Results@#Ultrasound has become an important diagnostic technique in thyroid nodules. Both standardized diagnostic criteria and new ultrasound technologies are essential for improving the accuracy of thyroid ultrasound. In the standardization, since there are no global consensus exists, common characteristics such as a multi-feature diagnosis, the performance of lymph nodes, explicit indications of fine needle aspiration, and the diagnosis of special populations should be focused on. Besides, evidence suggests that AI technique has a good effect on the unavoidable limitations of traditional ultrasound, and the combination of diagnostic criteria and AI may lead to a great promotion in thyroid diagnosis.@*Conclusion@#Standardization and development of novel techniques are key factors to improving thyroid ultrasound, and both should be considered in normal clinical use.